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《法學論壇》2012年第五期目錄與摘要
http://www.djtrjvjv.cn 2012-7-26 14:47:54 來源：中國法學會網
1.服務大局的司法：一個基于功能理論的解釋（喻中 四川大學 法學院，四川成都 610064）
摘要：人民法院服務大局的司法實踐，可以用社會人類學中的功能理論來解釋。根據功能理論提供的解釋路徑，服務大局的司法既是對局部與整體之間相互關系的理性化表達，亦有助于促成整體之內各個部分之間的和諧運轉。服務大局既反映了司法在中國履行的功能，具有鮮明的文化個性，同時也可以反映司法在其他國家所履行的功能，因而具有一定的普遍意義。最高人民法院歷年所作的工作報告，作為理解人民法院服務大局的基本素材，有效地展示了人民法院服務大局的實踐樣態。
關鍵詞：服務大局的司法；司法形象；功能理論；整體與局部
Subject:The Justice of Serving the Overall Situation: A Explain Based on Function Theory
Author & unit:YU Zhong（Law school,Sichuan university, Chengdu Sichuan 610064, China）
Abstract：The justice of Serving the overall situation could been explainned by the functions theory. From the functional theory, The justice of Serving the overall situation is both rational expression of the mutual relations between the part and the whole also help to promote the harmonious functioning of the various parts of the overall context. Serving the overall situation reflects the actual functions of justice in China, has a distinct cultural personality, but can also reflect the functions of justice in other countries, so it has a universal significance. The work report made by the Supreme Peoples Court over the years, as the basic material to understand the serving overall situation of the peoples court, effectively demonstrated the practice patterns of serving the overall interests of the peoples court.
Key words：the justice of serving the overall situation；image of justice；functional theory；whole and part
2.司法公信力的意義闡釋（季金華 南京師范大學 法學院，江蘇南京 210046）
摘要：司法公信力源于司法的自治力、司法的說服力和司法的確定力。司法公信力是政治國家與市民社會理性溝通的產物，是一種歸屬于社會資本的制度性資源，是司法在發揮糾紛解決功能、權利救濟功能和法律發展功能過程中建構起來的任用和信用關系，是司法權威歷史演化的產物。
關鍵詞：司法；公信力；規定性
Subject:Analysis of the concept of the public credibility of the judiciary
Author & unit:JI Jinhua(Law School, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing JiangSu 210046, China)
Abstract：the public credibility of the judiciary from the judicial autonomy, judicial conviction and judicial power. The public credibility of the judiciary is the political country and the citizen society rational communication product, is a sense of belonging to a social capital of institutional resources, is a judicial dispute resolution function in play, right relief function and law function in the process of development of building up the appointment and credit relationship, is the historical evolution of the judicial authority.
Key words：judicial credibility; concept
3.中國“例制”構建中的法院角色和法官作用（吳越 西南財經大學 法學院，四川成都 610074）
摘要：我國案例指導制度中的法院角色和法官作用有著鮮明的特色，案件審理階段法院和辦案法官往往并沒有參與案例指導的意識，而是在案件裁判后由審判庭之外的綜合部門通過遴選的方式確定典型案例，經編輯后報審判委員會研究討論，再逐級報最高人民法院確定并發布。指導性案例的產生不是按照管轄制度自然地“涌現”，而是被人為地“發現”，這一點明顯不同于國外的做法。相比較，“涌現”方式符合司法經濟原則和司法規律，而“發現”方式充滿人為因素，成本高而效率相對較低。案例指導制度不應被管轄制度“牽著鼻子走”，而應當通過變更管轄制度，與司法規律相適應。
關鍵詞：案例指導制度；指導性案例；管轄制度；法院角色；法官作用
Subject:Role of the Court and Judge in Forming of Chinese “Case Law”
Author & unit:Wu Yue(Law School, southwestern University of Finance and Economics, Chengdu Sichuan 610074, China)
Abstract：the role of courts and judges precedent guidance mechanism in China is quite different in that the court and judge in charge of the case usually have no intention to participate in precedent guidance. Instead court organs except the judge or judge panel deciding the case verify typical case decisions by way of filtrating of case decisions. The filtrated case decisions would be further discussed by trial committee of the court and then be submitted to the Supreme Peoples'' Court and be made public after verification. The guiding case decisions are not naturally "formed" under different jurisdiction but artificially "discovered. And the "discovery" method is full of artificial elements and ineffective. Case guidance mechanism should therefore be not be misled by different level of courts und should be fit to judicial rules.
Key words：case guidance mechanism; instructive case decisions; jurisdictions; role of courts and judges
4.好法官的兩種形象（楊建軍 西北政法大學 刑事法學院，陜西西安 710063）
摘要：不同社會對于好法官的認識和塑造方式不完全相同。中國人心目中的好法官，主要是青天的形象，中國社會對于好法官的形象塑造，總體上沒有超越“神話—超人—英雄化”這一傳統路數。而西方人心目中的好法官則是職業法官形象，西方社會對于好法官的形象塑造，走的是“世俗—常人—規范化”的塑造路徑。好法官形象塑造受制于不同的社會制度、法治觀念和政治目的。法治社會無青天，在法治建設中，我們既要淡化司法體制內青天好法官的形象塑造，又要強化法官群體的職業化建設，更應杜絕司法體制外的權力青天向司法發號施令、施加影響。
關鍵詞：法官；青天；職業化
Subject:Good Judges of the Two Image
Author & unit:YANG Jianjun(Northwest university of politics and law,Xi’an Shaanxi 710063,China)
Abstract：Different social understanding and shaping the way of good judges is not identical. Good judges in the eyes of the Chinese people, the image of the sky, the Chinese community for the image building of good judges, on the whole does not go beyond the myth - Superman - the hero of "traditional large ones. Good judges of the Western mind is a professional judge image that Western society is shaping the image of good judges, is taking the "secular - ordinary people - standardized" shape path. Good judges Image subject to different social systems, the concept of the rule of law and political purposes. No blue sky in the rule of law, building the rule of law, it is necessary to dilute the image of the shape of the blue sky good judges in the judicial system, but also to strengthen the professional construction of the groups of judges, should put an end to the power blue sky outside the judicial system, judicial orders, and to exert influence.
Key words：judge; super-personality of the judge; professional
5.時效制度適用于污染型環境犯罪中的漏洞與彌補（蔣蘭香 中南林業科技大學 政法學院，湖南長沙 410004）
摘要：污染型環境犯罪不同于一般刑事犯罪，危害后果往往遲滯出現。我國《刑法》規定的時效制度在污染型環境犯罪適用中存在計算方法不科學和時效期限過短等問題。建議通過修改時效計算方法、延長污染型環境犯罪時效期限、報請最高人民檢察院核準等途徑對之進行完善。
關鍵詞：污染型環境犯罪；時效過短；時效修正
Subject:On the Loopholes and Remedy of Praescriptio System Used in the Environment - Pollution Crime
Author & unit:JIANG Lanxiang(School of Political Science and Law, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha Hunan 410004, China)
Abstract：The environment - pollution crime is different from the general. The dangerous consequence always comes after it is happened already. According to the current prescription system of criminal law, some praescriptio problems of environment –pollution crime do not have a right scientific methods to calculate or too short length of limitation period. These problems can be solved by amending the praescriptio of calculating method of environment-pollution crime， extending the length of limitation period of environment-pollution crime, or submitting the problem to the Supreme People''s Procuratorate to approval and complete.
Key words：the environment-pollution crime; length of limitation period; praescriptio revise
6.我國污染型環境犯罪因果關系證明方法之綜合運用（唐雙娥 湖南大學 法學院， 湖南長沙 410082）
摘要：污染型環境犯罪因果關系事實的證明較為困難，需要結合具體情況綜合地運用不同的證明方法。傳統的邏輯推理方法和經驗法則在污染型環境犯罪因果關系基礎事實的證明中是基礎性的證明方法。有些污染型環境犯罪因果關系事實的證明則還需要適當運用推定方法，如疫學證明法和間接反證法。
關鍵詞：證明方法；因果關系；污染型環境犯罪；推定
Subject:Comprehensive Use of the Proof Methods for Casual Relationship in Environmental Pollution Crime
Author & unit:TANG Shuange(Law School of Hunan University, Changsha Hunan 410082, China)Abstract：It is somewhat difficult to prove the casual relationship of the facts in environmental pollution crime cases. Therefore, different proof methods should be used comprehensively according to the case itself. Traditional logical reasoning method and experience rule are still the fundamental proof method. Causality presumption methods，such as epidemiologic proof and indirect disproof, should be used to prove the causation in some environmental pollution criminal cases.
Key words：proof methods; casual relationship; environmental pollution crime; presumption
7.論在環境犯罪防控中引入特殊偵查（趙星 中國海洋大學 法政學院，山東青島 266000）
摘要：近年來，環境犯罪作為一種相對獨立的、新晉的犯罪類型正日益引起社會公眾的高度關注。環境犯罪由于其自身的特點，對自然生態環境和人類生存安全具有極大的威脅，國家必須動用全新、特殊的手段強化對此類犯罪的防控和打擊。特殊偵查以區別于傳統偵查的隱密、高效、強制的特性使其成為遏制環境犯罪的重要之選，特殊偵查制度的構建也是促進刑事司法，進一步深化改革、推進社會主義法治國家又好又快發展的重要舉措。
關鍵詞：環境犯罪;防控;特殊偵查
Subject:The Introduction of Special Investigation In the Control and Prevention Against Environmental Crimes
Author & unit:Zhao Xing(School of Law, Ocean University Of China, QingDao Shandong 266000, China)
Abstract：In recent years，as a relatively independent and new criminal type, environmental crimes is attracting more and more intense attention from the society. Environmental crimes have their own Characteristic, and can greatly threat the natural ecological environment and the safety of Human beings, the nation should deploy new and special means to strengthen these crimes’ controll and prevention and blowing. With the secret high efficient and coercive nature, Special Investigations have become an important choice that can repressor environmental crimes. The construction of Special Investigations is also an vital way to promote the further reform of criminal justice and promote our socialist law -ruled country develop fast and well.
Key words：environmental crimes; control and prevention; special investigations
8.論行政裁量的司法治理（顧大松，周佑勇 東南大學 法學院，江蘇南京 211189）
摘要：功能主義建構模式下，行政裁量的司法審查應實現控制向治理的重心轉移。司法審查對行政規則的尊重，尚不能構成司法審查標準向行政法原則的轉化，因此需要遵循法律系統發展的邏輯，實現從規則到原則的抽象化過程。最高人民法院通過典型案例的抽象，在很大程度上推進了行政裁量司法審查標準的原則化。
關鍵詞：行政裁量；司法治理；原則；抽象化
Subject:On Judicial Governance of Administrative Discretion
Author & unit:GU Dasong，ZHOU Youyong(Law school, Southeast University, Nanjing Jiangsu 211189,China)
Abstract：Under the functionalist building mode, the judicial review of administrative discretion should transfer emphasis from control to governance. Although the field of judicial review of administrative discretion, the court adopted the administrative rules with respect, but has not achieved the standard of judicial review of the conversion to the principles of administrative law, so need to follow the logic of the legal system development, and promote the process from rules to principles. Supreme Court through a typical case of abstraction, in large part to promote the standard of judicial review of administrative discretion of the principle.
Key words：administrative discretion；judicial governance；principle；abstraction
9.民事抗訴中的法理沖突與協調（王德玲 山東政法學院 法學院，山東濟南 250014）
摘要：我國關于民事抗訴制度的爭論與分歧由來已久，主要表現為取消論、限制論、強化論及“全方位監督說”四種觀點。民事抗訴制度的價值在于維護法律的正確實施，實現司法公正，維護司法權威。為了尊重與呵護審判獨立、私權自治、生效裁判的既判力及訴訟效益等原則，民事抗訴制度必須保持適度的謙抑，必須努力實現檢察監督與審判獨立、外力介入與內在架構、公權干預與私權自治、程序安定與實體公正的衡平，不斷促進民事抗訴制度的完善。
關鍵詞：民事抗訴；法理沖突；謙抑；衡平
Subject:Jurisprudence Conflict and Coordination of Civil Protest
Author & unit:WANG Deling(Law School ,Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan Shandong 250014,China)
Abstract：There is a very long history of the argument about the civil protest institution in our country. There are mainly four viewpoints in this argument: the abolishment, the restriction, the intensification, and the all-view-supervision. The value of the civil protest institution is to protect the right practice of the law, assure the justice and the authority of the judicial administration. In order to respect and protect the principle of the independent trial、civil right autonomy、effective sentences and the beneficial result of the lawsuit, the civil protest must be controlled, and must keep the balance between the law surveillance system and the independence of the trial, the external force and the inside structure, the public authority intervene and the civil rights autonomy, the steadiness of the procedure and the justice of the substantive. And then, we can promote the consummation of the civil protest institution.
Key words：civil protest; legal conflict; control; balance
10.再論法學對哲學詮釋學的繼受（王彬 南開大學 法學院，天津 300071）
摘要：法學對哲學詮釋學的繼受，存在著解構與建構兩種不同的理論路向。為此，須明確法律詮釋學對哲學詮釋學進行繼受的可能與限度。立足于本體論與方法論相統一的解釋學立場，在建構意義上將法學方法論納入哲學詮釋學的理論框架中，詮釋學的任務不僅僅在于對法學方法論進行反思，更在于實現詮釋學思維的方法論轉化，創建法學作為人文科學的方法論。詮釋學反思導向法律意義的追問，必然引起法律概念論從實體本體論向關系本體論的革新。
關鍵詞：哲學詮釋學；本體論；方法論；法律解釋
Subject:A Rethinking on Inheritance from Philosophical Hermeneutics to Law
Author & unit:WANG Bin (Law School, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071,China)
Abstract：With the transformation of hermeneutics paradigm from methodology to ontology, many scholars including deconstructionist and constructionist apply the fundamentals of philosophical hermeneutics to legal field. Because of the limit of inheritance from philosophical hermeneutics to law, legal hermeneutics should combine the ontology and methodology of legal interpretation. philosophical hermeneutics rethinks the traditional legal methodology, on the other hand, the hermeneutical rethought leads to transformation of legal ontology to relation.
Key words：philosophical hermeneutics; ontology; methodology; legal interpretation
11.在自治與自主之間——論我國大學章程的價值追求（鄭毅 中央民族大學 法學院，北京 100081）
摘要：對于應然價值追求和實然價值追求的混淆是我國當前大學章程難產的重要原因。在現行的制度環境下，我國難以實現西方意義上的、完全的大學自治，因此應當將“自治”作為應然的、終極的價值追求，而把法律規范和政策文件中明確承認的“自主”作為實然的、務實的價值追求，從而以應然和實然的二元劃分的邏輯為起點構建具有中國特色的現代大學制度。
關鍵詞：大學章程；自治與自主；應然與實然；價值追求；現代大學制度
Subject:Autonomy or Self-government?——the Realistic Value Pursuit of University Charter in China
Author & unit:ZhengYi(Law School, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081，China)
Abstract：Because of the confusion of the ought to be value pursuit and the ralisitc one, the university charters are facing huge difficulties. In the environment of active systems, it is hard to realize the complete autonomy of universities just as the western ones. It is wise for us to regard autonomy as the ought to be and the ultimate value pursuit, and regard the self-government, which is definitely validated by acts and policies, as the realistic and pressing value pursuit. As a rational choice, the dualism of the ought to be and the realistic is the logic jumping-off point to construct the modern university system with Chinese characteristic.
Key words：administrative interview；administrative guidance；normative analysis; puzzledoms; counter measures
12.論《物權法》第28條中“法律文書”的涵義與類型（王明華 山東大學 法學院，山東濟南 250100）
摘要：我國《物權法》第28條因“法律文書”引起的物權變動，是司法裁判權、仲裁裁決權、強制執行權行使的結果，屬于因公權力的行使發生的物權變動，故物權變動是否因公權力的行使而發生是確定該條款中“法律文書”涵義和類型的基礎。由確認之訴、給付之訴及形成之訴各自功能所決定，直接引起物權變動的法律文書僅限于形成性法律文書，不包括確認性和給付性法律文書。形成性法律文書主要是指形成判決，即因形成訴權的行使作出的判決，而確認單純形成權行使效力的判決不是形成判決。強制執行程序中拍賣成交確認裁定和強制抵債裁定也屬于形成性法律文書。民事調解書不屬于形成性法律文書的范疇，不能直接引起物權變動。
關鍵詞：法律文書；物權變動；形成判決；《物權法》；第28條
Subject:On Meanings and Types of the Legal Documents in Article 28 of the Real Right Law
Author & unit:WANG Minghua(Law School, Shandong University, Jinan Shandong 250100， China)
Abstract：The alteration of real right, caused by the “legal document” specified by Article 28 of the Real Right Law of the People’s Republic of China, is resulted from the implementation of the powers with regards to judicial adjudication, arbitration award and compulsory execution and, is an alteration of real right caused by the implementation of public powers. So the meaning and type of the “legal document” specified in the said article shall be determined according to whether the alteration of real right is caused by the implementation of public powers. Due to the respective functions of the action for confirmation, the action of performance and the action of formation, the legal documents directly leading to the alteration of real right are limited to legal documents of formation, and do not include documents of confirmation or documents of performance. Legal documents of formation mainly mean adjudications of formation, namely the adjudications made according to the implementation of the right to action of formation, while adjudications confirming merely the effectiveness of the implementation of conformation right are not adjudications of formation. Awards confirming the completion of an auction and awards on forcible debts payment in kind during the procedure of compulsory execution are also legal documents of formation. Civil reconciliation agreements are not legal documents of formation and may not lead to the alteration of real right directly.
Key words：legal document; alteration of real right; adjudication of formation；real right law; article 28
13.ECFA對海峽兩岸區域金融合作的法律支撐分析（李本 上海大學 法學院，上海 200444）
摘要：隨著《海峽兩岸經濟合作框架協議》（ECFA）的簽署，其對海峽兩岸區域金融合作的法律支撐效應盡顯。從法律定位角度分析， ECFA不僅涵蓋兩岸貨物貿易、服務貿易（含金融服務），還涉及投資內容，完全符合世界貿易組織（WTO）認可的“深度PTA”特征。從金融合作的實質內容來看，ECFA在金融方面的全面滲透，廣泛合作的態勢對金融監管提出了嚴峻的挑戰，要求兩岸在監管方面也必須配套廣泛性和協同性。截止目前，ECFA框架尚未達成解決解決爭端的救濟模式，但考慮以政治性、法律程序性混合機制公允、靈活解決爭端應成為題中應有之義。
關鍵詞：ECFA；深度PTA；區域金融合作
Subject:Analysis of the ECFA legal framework on both sides of the Strait regional financial cooperation
Author & unit:LI Ben( Law School,Shanghai University， Shanghai 200444,China)
Abstract：Along with the “Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement” ( ECFA ) signed on the two sides of the Taiwan Straits, the legal support effect of the regional financial cooperation is showing. From the legal position angle , ECFA covers not only trade in goods, trades in services (include financial )but also the content of the investment, in full compliance with the approved by the WTO “deep PTA” feature. From the financial cooperation in light of the substantial content, ECFA in the financial aspects of the full penetration, extensive cooperation with the trend of financial supervision and proposed the stern challenge, requirement cross in the regulation must also be broad matching and coordination. The ECFA framework has not been reached to resolve disputes relief pattern, but to consider political, legal procedure of mixing mechanism fair, flexible solutions to disputes shall become the proper meaning.
Key words：ECFA;Deep PTA;regional financial cooperation
14.家庭權的私法保障（張燕玲 南京大學 法學院， 江蘇南京 210093）
摘要：憲法對家庭的保護意味著既禁止國家對其實施直接侵害，又要求國家頒布法律以落實憲法精神。《婚姻法》作為規范家庭成員權利義務關系的基本法，其關于家庭的制度構建及完善直接影響著公民家庭權益的實現。我國應借鑒國際社會家庭形式多元化與子女利益最大化之理念，彌補傳統法的缺陷，完善家庭扶養制度，實現家庭養老與社會保障的互為補充；拓展家庭的法律內涵，賦予同居伴侶平等的家庭權益保護；健全人工生殖規范，明確人工生殖子女的法律地位；完善家庭暴力的防治立法，讓家庭和諧在私法自治與公權干預的最佳平衡間實現。
關鍵詞：家庭權；扶養；家庭暴力；人工生殖；同居伴侶
Subject:The Protection of the Civil Law on Family Right
Author & unit:ZHANG Yanling(Faculty of law,NanJing University,NanJing JiangSu 210093,China)
Abstract：Our Constitution to the protection of the family means not only prohibits the State from the family to the implementation of direct infringement,but also requires the State to enact laws to implement the constitutional protection of the family. “Marriage Law” as the Basic Law to adjust the domestic relationship, the system on the family right to build and perfect has a direct impact on the realization of family right for every citizen. China should draw lessons from the international community diversification of family forms and the concept that children''s interests to maximize, correct gaps in the existing law, Perfect the family support system, realize the family pension and social security''s complement each other;Expand the connotation of the family, give cohabiting couples equal family rights protection; estabilish artificial reproductive standard, clear the legal status of the artificial reproductive children;perfect the family violence prevention legislation, let family realize the balance and harmony between the private law and public rights autonomy.
Key words：family right;maintainence;family violence;reproduction;same-sex partner
15.論被追訴人本人的閱卷權（劉作凌，劉學敏 湖南商學院 法學院，湖南長沙 410205；廈門大學 法學院，福建廈門 361005）
摘要：刑事訴訟中被追訴人本人能否行使閱卷權，因關系“發現真實”與“被告作為程序主體”之間的沖突，而爭議較大。目前向被追訴人本人開放一定程度的閱卷已成為現代法治發達國家刑事訴訟法的調整方向，我國在“固有權”理論下全面禁止被追訴人本人閱卷的立法與實務值得檢討。被追訴人作為程序主體，應享有閱卷權，尤其是對無辯護人的被追訴人，應賦予其本人直接閱卷的權利。但閱卷權對被追訴人開放所可能帶來的制度風險，仍是不可忽視，因此，基于利益的權衡，應根據案件的具體情況對被追訴人本人的閱卷權進行合理限制。
關鍵詞：被追訴人；閱卷權；保障；限制
Subject:On the Right of Reading the Case Files of the Accused in Person
Author & unit:LIU Zuoling,LIU Xuemin(1.Law School,Hunan Business College,Changsha Hunan 410205,China;2.Law School,Xiamen University,Xiaman Fujian 361005,China)
Abstract：Relating to the conflicts between “truth-finding” and “the accused as the procedural subject” in the criminal procedure, the issue of whether the accused in person can exercise the right of reading the case files or not is of significant controversy.In the modern legally developed countries,some adjustment has been made to entitle this right ,in some degree,to the accused in the criminal procedural law,therefore we need more retrospection and reflection on our legislation and judicial practice,which,under the influence of the theory of “inherent rights”, still forbid comprehensively the accused in person reading the case files .This treatise aims to advocate that the accused,as the procedural subject,should be entitled the right of reading the case files,and espcially for the accused without any defence lawyer,the right to read the case files directly is more necessary. However,what we can''t ignore is the institutional risks brought out by the exercise of this right.Based on the balence between various interests and values, some reasonable restrictions on the right of reading the case files of the accused in person are indispensable in specific cases.
Key words：the accused; the right of reading the case files; ensurance; restrictions
16.論醫學人體試驗中的侵權責任——以比較法為視角（滿洪杰 山東大學 法學院，山東濟南 250100）
摘要：當前我國立法與司法未對醫學人體試驗侵權責任與醫療損害責任加以區分，對其歸責原則和因果關系也有不同認識。在美國，法院漸趨認可人體試驗侵權責任為獨立訴因，在過錯和因果關系的認定上，則分別有主觀說和客觀說等不同的觀點。大陸法系國家中，法國將人體試驗侵權責任作為一種特殊侵權，并區分治療性試驗和非治療性試驗分別適用過錯責任原則和無過錯責任原則。德國將人體試驗作為一般過錯侵權,并在涉及藥品的案件中適用產品責任。荷蘭將人體試驗侵權責任作為一種獨立的侵權責任，并適用過錯責任原則。晚近的立陶宛《生物醫學試驗法》規定了人體試驗侵權的無過錯責任。我國應當構建獨立于醫療侵權責任的人體試驗侵權責任，其歸責原則為過錯責任原則。在因果關系問題上，應當采取相當因果關系、疫學原理因果關系以及因果關系推定理論來進行綜合判斷。
關鍵詞：醫學人體試驗；侵權行為；民事責任；比較法
Subject:On the Clinical Trial Liability——In a Comparative Law Aspect
Author & unit:MAN Hongjie(Law School，Shandong University,Jinan Shandong 250100，China)
Abstract：In the legal practice in China presently, the courts do not to distinguish clinical trial liability from medical malpractice. They also have different opinion on the causation and nature of the liability. In the United State, courts tend to treat the clinical trial liability as a distinct cause of action. In some case, the cause of action can also be battery or lack of informed-consent. Among civil law countries, loi Huriet-Sérusclat of France considers experimentation liability as a special tort; meanwhile the German law treats it as negligent malpractice. The Dutch Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects Act takes experimentation liability as a special tort of negligence. The Law on Ethics of Biomedical Research of Lithuania sets up a strict liability model. An clinical trial liability as distinct from medical malpractice should be established in China. It shall be a type of negligence tort. Nonetheless, the burden of proving the investigator’s breach of duty shall be shifted to the defendant. The causation of the damages may be found as consitio sine qua non, or by theory of epidemic causation.
Key words：clinical trial； tort； liability； comparative law
17.商業信托委托人的法律地位（李宇 中國社會科學院 法學研究所，北京 100720）
摘要：商業信托與普通信托有重要區別，委托人的地位與角色大相徑庭。中國《信托法》借鑒日本法模式，賦予信托委托人諸多權利，可稱為委托人法定權利模式。委托人的此種法律地位，雖適合于普通信托，但不符商業信托的功能及需求。原因之一在于對商業信托的特殊情形考慮不周，誤植入僅適合于普通信托之規則。委托人法定權利模式之弊端，無法以增設委托人義務等方案予以補救，較為徹底的解決之道應為：委托人不對商業信托及其受益人享有權利。
關鍵詞：信托；商業信托；信托法；委托人
Subject:The Legal Status of Settler in Business Trust
Author & unit:LI Yu (Law Institute,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100720,China)
Abstract：Business trust is profoundly different from ordinary trust with respect to the status and role of settlers and other issues. The Trust Law of China provides many rights of settler. This model, which is transplanted from Japan trust statute, may be named “Settler’s Statutory Rights Model”. The settler’s legal status under this model is suitable to ordinary trust, but is inconsistent with the function and needs of business trust. The formation of this model might be resulted from insufficient considerations on the special circumstances of business trust and mistakenly transplanting the rules appropriate to ordinary trust only. The deficiency of this model cannot be overcome by providing settler’s duties or other proposals, and the complete solution may be the settler has no right to the business trust and beneficiary.
Key words：trust；business trust；trust law； settler
18.我國稅權研究的實踐論問題探討（魏俊 山東工商學院 政法學院，山東煙臺 264005）
摘要：“稅權”研究已經成為我國稅法研究的一條主線,但目前這一研究領域仍停留于定義的紛爭階段。要進一步深化稅權領域的研究，我們必須在研究方法上另辟蹊徑。稅法實踐論研究是以租稅的法解釋論、立法論所進行的研究，屬于法律學或實用法學的領域。實踐論不僅能夠起到盡力維護納稅者人權的作用，而且以其為基礎的稅收債務關系說對稅收權力關系說也是一大抑制。稅法實踐論研究在我國最突出的表現就是稅法解釋學的興起，但無論是在純粹稅法學還是在稅法解釋學方面我國都還存在著實踐論的誤區。而進一步深化稅權研究的一條行之有效的途徑就是以稅權法權論為基礎展開稅權的實踐論研究。
關鍵詞：稅法；稅權；法實踐論；法權
Subject:On Practice Research of Tax Power of China
Author & unit:WEI Jun(School of Political Science and Law, Shandong Institute of Business and Technology,Yantai Shandong 264005，China)
Abstract：The study of tax power has become a main line of our tax law research.However,this study is still at the stage of the dispute about its definition. In order to further deepen it, we must look for other ways .Legal practice of tax is the research of legal hermeneutics and legislation, and it is belong to the field of jurisprudence or practical law. Not only is legal practice able to play a role in trying to maintain the human rights of taxpayers, but also the taxing debt relation based on it is suppression to the taxing power relation. The most prominent manifestation of the study of tax law practice in china is the rise of tax law hermeneutics, but there are still some myths of legal practice in both of purely tax law research and tax law hermeneutics. An effective way to further deepen the study of tax power is to carry out legal practice based on legal rights of tax.
Key words：tax law; tax power; legal practice; legal rights
19.大調解實踐背景下的立案調解機制研究（李德恩 九江學院 政法學院，江西九江 332005）
摘要：立案調解是中國在世紀之初由人民法院發起的一種調解樣式，其快速勃興對于擴大調解適用范圍發揮了重要作用。在大調解的實踐背景下，立案調解宜廣義理解為在立案階段由人民法院主導進行的調解。西方國家多門法院系統的實踐對于我國立案調解機制的建構具有啟發意義。人民法院需要在保持司法品性的前提下對接大調解。立案庭可以被改造為類似多門法院系統的案件甄選和轉介機構。構建立案調解機制的重點在于實現三調聯動，并正確處理與訴權保障的關系。此外，人民法院還可以通過法定方式提升立案調解結果的效力。
關鍵詞：大調解；立案調解；訴權；多門法院
Subject:On Mechanism of Mediation while Filing in the Context of Extensive Mediation Practice
Author & unit:LI Deen(Social Systems Science Research Center, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang Jiangxi 332005,China)
Abstract：The mediation while filing is such kind a mediation which was initiated by the Chinese People''s Courts at the beginning of this century. It has played an important role to expand the scope of mediation. In the context of extensive mediation practice, the mediation while filing should be broadly interpreted as a mediation which is led by the People''s Courts in the filing stage. The practice of multi-door courthouse system in western countries can give us some suggestions on the construction of mediation while filing mechanism. The People''s Courts are required to dock the extensive mediation under the premise of maintaining judicial character. The filing organization can be transformed into a case selection and referral agencies similar to the multi-door courthouse system. The crux of building the mechanism of mediation while filing is to achieve the linkage of three kinds of mediations, and to handle the relationship with the protection of the right to appeal properly. The People''s Court can also enhance the effectiveness of the mediation results by legal ways.
Key words：extensive mediation；mediation while filing；right to appeal；multi-door courthouse
20.論當事人證據收集權的程序保障（朱新林 北京大學 法學院，北京 100871）
摘要：當事人是民事訴訟證據收集的主角，對作為裁判對象的事實基礎負責，有必要為當事人收集證據提供程序保障。法律傳統、訴訟理念、律師代理情況與立法成本等是構建當事人證據收集制度路徑選擇中的考量因素。增加文書提出命令、重構庭前證據交換制度、通過切斷當事人對書面證言之依賴進而強化證人出庭作證是提升當事人收集證據能力的基本出路，應該納入到民事訴訟法修正案草案中。
關鍵詞：證據收集；辯論主義；程序保障；民訴法修改
Subject:Protection of the Right on Evidence Collection by Parties in Civil Litigation
Author & unit:ZHU Xinlin(Law school, Peking University, Beijing 100871,China）
Abstract：In civil evidence collection system, the parties is the leading role and responsible for providing evidence, the civil procedure law should safeguard the parties’ right to collect evidences especially when their burden of proof is strengthened. Facing with various suggestions, how to choose the specific evidence collection approach suitable for China? There are several considering factors: legal tradition，litigation theory， the situation of lawyer agency and the legislative cost. In order to improve the parties’ ability to collect evidence, we should establish the order of putting forward evidence to court, reconstruct the evidence-exchange system and perfect the witness appearing in court system, through revising the Civil Procedure Law of PRC.
Key words：evidence collection;doctrine of adversary hearing;procedural protection;amendments of the Civil Procedure Law
21.從《東盟憲章》看東盟的決策機制（趙少群 貴州大學 法學院，貴州貴陽 550025）
摘要：《東盟憲章》是一份適應東盟自身現狀特點的法律文件，從《東盟憲章》對東盟決策機制的規定來看，它充分肯定了決策機制在長達40年的功績，保留了反映東盟特色的決策方式，同時也完善了它的決策機構，這將使東盟成為一個更具凝聚力、更有效率和更以規則為基礎的組織，促進東盟走向以憲章為本的共同體。
關鍵詞：東盟憲章；決策機構；決策方式
Subject:A Study of the Decision-making Mechanism of ASEAN from ASEAN Charter
Author & unit:ZHAO Shaoqun（Law School,Guizhou University,Guiyang Guizhou 550025,China）
Abstract：ASEAN Charter is a legal document which is suitable for the present situations and characteristics of ASEAN. From the regulations on the decision-making mechanism in ASEAN Charter, it fully recognized the achievements of the decision-making mechanism in as long as forty years, retained the decision ways which reflects ASEAN features, and improved the decision-making organ, which will make ASEAN as a more cohesive, more efficient and more rule-based organization, so as to promote ASEAN to be the Charter-oriented community.
Key words：ASEAN Charter; decision-making organ; decision-making ways
22.韓國老年人福利法的變遷及對我國的啟示（林宗浩 煙臺大學 法學院，山東煙臺 264005）
摘要：人口老齡化問題在發達國家早已為人所熟知，進入21世紀，一些發展中國家也開始進入老齡化行列之中，而同屬東亞的韓國和我國在很多方面，有著驚人的相似之處，在人口老齡化問題上也不例外。由于兩國的老齡化進程相對較快，使得兩國在應對老齡化問題上面臨了新的挑戰。自上世紀60年代后，韓國老年人福利法制的發展與完善對我國相關法制的建立提供了可以借鑒的經驗和啟示。
關鍵詞：老齡化；韓國；老年人福利法
Subject:The Change of Law of the elderly welfare in South Korea and Implications for China
Author & unit:LIN Zonghao(Law school,Yantai University,Yantai Shandong 264005,China)
Abstract：In the developed countries, the problem of aging population has already well-known. With the arrival of the new millennium，some developing countries have started to enter the ranks of the aging population. And South Korea, also belonging to the East Asia, has a striking resemblance with our country in many aspects. The problem of population aging is no exception. Because the aging process of the two countries is relatively fast, which makes the two countries will face new challenges in dealing with aging problem. After 60th of 20 century,the development and perfect of law of the elerly welfare in South Korea have supplied many inplications for China.
Key words：aging, south Korea; law of the elderly welfare
日期：2012-7-26 14:47:54 | 關閉 | 分享到：